George Frederic Handel :: essays research papers

George Frideric Handel     George Frideric Handel was one of the greatest composers of the late baroqueness period (1700-1750) and, during his lifetime, perhaps the most internationally famous of all musicians. Handel was born February 24, 1685, in Halle, Germany, to a family of no musical background. His own musical talent, how forever, began to show before his ordinal birthday. He received lessons from a local organist, the only musical argument he would ever have. His scratch job was as church organist in Halle. In 1703 he traveled to Hamburg, Germany. It was here, in 1704, he composed his first opera, Almira. After achieving great success he soon felt the impel to move on to Italy, the birthplace of operatic style. He first stop at Florence in the fall of 1706. Later on in the confine and summer of 1707 and 1708 he went to Rome, and in the late spring of 1707 he make a trip to Naples. In Italy Handel composed operas, oratorios, and many secular cantatas he ended his Italian trip with the spectacular success of his fifth opera, Agrippina (1709), in Venice.Other Composers of George Frideric Handels TimeBach was a German organist and composer of the baroque era, one of the greatest and most productive geniuses in the history of occidental music. In 1756 Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria. One of the greatest composers in Hesperian music tradition, Mozart began composing at age five. By the time he was 13, he had written sonatas, operettas, and symphonies. His works include The Marriage of Figaro , Don Giovanni, and The conjury Flute. van van Beethoven was one of the worlds greatest composers was born in Bonn, Germany, in 1770, Beethoven began to lose his hearing in 1802. By 1817 he was totally deaf. Beethoven wrote classical pieces greater than anyone else of his time like his third Symphony, Eroica and his ninth Symphony. The Ninth Symphony, composed in 1824, begins with void music which may have originated in the silence and gloom of Beethovens own deafness, but the symphony then explodes with a wonderful array of sounds. One of the most beautiful pieces of music ever composed. Arts and Architecture The Taj Mahal in India was completed in 1648.

Niccolo Machiavellis The Prince Essay -- Machiaveli Prince Power Essa

Niccolo Machiavellis The PrinceNiccolo Machiavellis The Prince examines the nature of government agency and his views of index finger are still fairly in existence today. Ill discuss this in this essay, emphasizing the following theses. Machiavelli discusses power over the people, dictatorial power, and power with people, dual-lane power. While it is possible for power with to attain capitaler prevalence in society, it will not all told eliminate power over. In The Prince, Machiavelli discusses two distinct groups of people, the semipolitical elite, including nobles and opposite princes, and the everyday public. Today in the United States, the first group, the political elite, includes political leaders, religious leaders, business leaders and the leaders of strong lobbying groups. The composition of the general public has changed little from Machiavellis time.Machiavelli concentrates on relations between the prince and the political elite. He claims that ambition and dictat orial power drive most nobles and princes. A prince mustiness act with dictatorial power in order to maintain his position. Machiavelli assumes that shared power will not be effective with nobles, since whether men transport affection figures on themselves, but whether they are afraid will depend on what the ruler does (Machiavelli, p.60-61). Since the nobles are unforgiving and greedy it would be monstrous if not downright suicidal for a prince to rely on their hefty will. Equally strategic, Machiavelli states that a prince, a political leader, has different concerns than the general public. For a prince personal actions, which would be considered immoral or unvirtuous, may save lives or help the princes country. In this way a prince is not immoral, but instead acts with a morality different in nature from the general public. Machiavelli gives several(prenominal) examples of this. Miserliness is considered a fault. Yet, a miserly prince will come to be considered more genero us when it is realized that his revenues are sufficient to defend himself against enemies that violate him, and to undertake campaigns without imposing special taxes on the people (p.56). Likewise, starting a state of war is considered an immoral act by m all. Yet, a prince should not go out troubles to develop in order to avoid fighting a war for wars gage not really be avoided, but are only postponed to the advantage of others (p.11). Avoiding war may ... ... the ugly political process introductory the results has overshadowed positive results like a lower deficit and improved economy. Clinton is uncomplete feared nor loved by his political opposition, making it difficult for him to produce results without great struggles. The one result remembered by many is that Clinton raised taxes, taking outside(a) their property. Thus, Clinton has had difficulty with both appearances and results. One might say that in step-up to power, a prince in relations needs political skill wi th the public. For a politician weaving a sound story of ones accomplishments is more important than the accomplishments themselves.Machiavellis idea of power and how it should be handles as he describes in The Prince can still be used to examine the present. While its possible to decide only the negative uses of power, one can also see the say-so for power to promote the common good. Machiavelli would argue that attending to the common good is in a princes best interests, since it gains the support of the people, something more valuable than any fortress or other expression of power.Works CitedMachiavelli, Niccolo. The Prince. England Penguin Classics, 1981.

Aristotle’s Contributions to Communication Theory

Aristotle (384 BC 322 BC), was the son of Nichomachus (the physician to the king of Macedonia). He was born in the city of Stagira in the northern Greece. He had initially been exposed to medical training subsequently which in 367 BC enrolled to larn philosophy with his teacher, Plato in Athens. He proved to be a rattling brilliant student tho who ceaselessly disagreed with almost everything his teachers taught. This was fundamentally because Plato always understood the world abstractly but Aristotle was more for a changing world. Aristotle believed in empirical knowledge which tough cataloguing of observable phenomena in explaining everything in nature.Due to this belief and attitude, he wrote literally about all aspects of nature and human societies including metaphysics, physics, embryology, ethics, poetry, mathematics, meteorology, physiology, politics, dreams, anatomy, rhetoric and many some others (Randall, 1960, p.23).Aristotle is a long icon when it comes to the as pect of difficult and clear-sighted philosophical thinking and especially unrivaled that is of abstruse nature. Even among the very well educated and learn persons, he remains a legend who wrote with the precision of a superhuman and his thinking was superb with clarity that is quite incredible.His works however are easily read and the western culture or global modern-day culture seatnot be talked about without an association with this inspiring historical philosopher though he himself never came into terms with almost everybody leave al wholeness Plato, his historied teacher.More than 2,300 years down the line, Aristotle, who is considered the guru of rhetoric, laid the fundamental foundation of a serious rhetoric (many people being addressed by one person) by saying that it should be ethical as well as persuasive.He define rhetoric as the faculty that concerns itself with availability of persuasive means as whitethorn be observed in any particular font. Aristotle parti cularizedally divided public oratories into triad categorical classes the ceremonial, forensic and political oratory (Shields, 1999, p.15).Oratory in ceremonial situations is apply particularly to censure or bankrupt some praise to an individual. Political oratory is mainly meant to urge or compel the audition to accept or not to accept something whereas forensic speaking usually defends or attacks a person in a given case and is the most relevant and widely applied in courtroom proceedings. It focuses at establishment of injustices or justice of a specific action.He believed that rhetoric must possess three proofs which are ethics (ethos), sensation (pathos) and logical system (logos). He had observed the smack of hearings being publicly manipulated by proficient vocalizers of his time who had no regard of the true statement in their communication and this didnt auger well to him and to Plato, his teacher. He therefore saw no manifest need or value of such rhetorics and this prompted him to study rhetoric in a deeper and on a different perspective.Logos is the logic contained in the actual communicated words by the speaker in a speech. The earreach and their emotions or feelings in the process of rhetoric is the pathos whereas ethos is the compositors case and liking of the speaker as revealed by him/her, and perceived by the audience during the process of the communication.During Aristotles days, the pathos idea was a novel one though not many speakers today would communicate without putting their audiences auspice into consideration.Audiences and audiences perception of a speaker is a very total part of any communication as was first stipulated by Aristotle. As a matter of fact, the arousal of an audiences emotions represents effectiveness of a speech. This has severally been employed in many great and historical speeches.For example, the notable Martin Luther King Juniors speech in a garner he wrote while in a Birmingham jail incorporated the three necessary ingredients, the ethos, logos and pathos thus making his audience confident(p) of the loyalty and importance of his speech (Shenk, 1995, p.56).According to Aristotle, persuasion is demonstrative in the sense that it is by the character of a speaker that it can be achieved. The audience will always consider the speakers credibility from his/her speak word to be convinced, after apparently discerning some truth from the presented arguments.Aristotle went beyond the explanation of ethos as merely competence in religion of the speaker to include knowledge and expertise. Although the word ethics, derived from the Greek word ethos (meaning disposition or theory of living), it is the study of morality.Aristotle gave indubitable remarks that it is not what the audience thinks of the speakers character prior to the speech that matters but by the meaning of the speech.However, several writers today dispute this and represent that it is the speakers overall history a nd morality that matters in determining the validity or invalidity of the argument. For example they argue that some ethos can be violated through a total of reasons which include the following (Broadie, 1991, p.68).Firstly, the speaker whitethorn have some motives that may be ulterior or some interests vested in the debates final outcome. The interests may be direct such as in a case where an individual who has been involved in a crime pleads ignorance and innocence of the same.Secondly, it may be that the speakers expertise is doubtable e.g. a doctors lecture on architectural designs has less impact than an architecture broad a speech on the same. condolence, another mode of persuasion, implies emotion or to suffer as derived from the Greek word paschein. The audiences emotions can be appealed to in a number of ways. Particularly, it can be very powerful when passion in general together with some items of stirred up arousal is skillfully applied in the speech.Moreover, it can be through telling stories using some metaphorical connotations as commonly used in non-fictional or fiction materials evoking paramount pity and/or sorrow. Pathos is more psychologically appealing to audiences especially when it results to rejection fear if the audience is in disagreement with the speakers arguments.When pathos is excessively applied, it leads to over- arousedism. Appealing to the emotional aspect of the audience, one can easily inspire happy, sad or angry reactions as well as patriotism among many others (Whaley, Samter, 2006, p.47).Logos is defined as the application of logic in the process of making arguments or in other words the reason appealing technique. It is the factual and rational modality upon which the position of the speaker is based and supported. By the use of arguments that are persuasive in nature, persuasion itself can be affected by the very speech when an apparent truth or a truth has been proven in a particular case.The attorneys will always thirst to appeal to the logical sense of the fact finder at one point or another during the process of trial in a case. By use of logos, individuals want to convince an adoption for no other conclusion but theirs alone (Shenk, 1995, p. 104).ReferenceBroadie Sarah (1991) Ethics with Aristotle. Oxford, Oxford University Press, pp.68.Randall John (1960) Aristotle. Columbia, Columbia University Press, pp.23, 49.Shenk Robert (1995) Ethos at Sea. Business Communication Quarterly, Vol.58, pp. 56.

Leon Battista Alberti

Discuss Alberti s treatise on Architecture in relation to San Andrea in Mantua. In peculiar, discourse the function of human-centred philosophy in his work giving careful attending to the inquiry of proportionLeon Battista Alberti ( 1404-72 ) was a true renascence adult male. He was a talented dramatist, mathematician and summercater trained in Law. As the individual in charge of the buildings commanded by the Pope, he had the juncture to compose one of the greatest plant of the possible action of architecture De Re Aedificatoria ( On building ) . Most of it was completed in 1452 and printed in 1485.In the Ten books of the Art of Building Alberti has explained the utility of a roof and wall for homo. He said that it helps us to come serious to one another and besides turn together. Therefore we should be appreciative to designers non merely because they provides us a safe and welcome topographic principal but besides for its many inventions, which are utile to both persons an d the populace and the besides provide our day-to-day demands ( page 3 ) .Commissioned by Ludovico II Gonzaga, the church building building was begun in 1462 harmonizing to designs by Leon Battista Alberti on a grade occupied by a Benedictine monastery, of which the bell tower ( 1414 ) remains. The edifice, nevertheless, was ruined merely 328 old ages subsequently. Though ulterior alterations and enlargements altered Alberti s design, the church is still considered to be one of Alberti s most complete plants.The use of the Renaissance edifice was to incorporate the pilgrims who visited it during the banquet of Ascension when a phial, that the folding argue contains the Blood of Christ, is brought up from the crypt below through a cakehole in the floor straight under the dome. Harmonizing to tradition the Most patronage dear Blood was brought to Mantua by the Roman centurion Longinus and is preserved in the Sacred Vessels. It was held with blue regard during the Renaissance which is merely show on Holy Friday.humanism is the perusal of the classics ( Grecian and Latin ) and integrating their thinkings into 1s ain. It is the cultural motion of the Renaissance architecture. Most renaissance classical architecture shows more lucidity than the former(a) 1s, because it emphasizes clean lines, geometric forms, symmetricalness. It argues whether that is more enlightened than mediaeval architecture. It was more thought out, possibly more consistent, more systematic.Alberti had many doctrines when planing for edifices, and like the plants of Vitruvius, created text that gave means on how to construct, but saved chief accent on the embellish and the exterior aesthetics of the construction. One rule that Alberti do usage of was a system of Proportionality that he developed utilizing systematic harmoniousness of musical theater ratio, to do his edifices appealing. Defined as the precise and right lineation, conceived in the head, made up of lines and a ngles, and perfected in the erudite mind and imaginativeness , this possibility and lineamenta were cardinal in Alberti s procedure of design. Alberti believed that the Lineamenta stood as an lineation and allowed proportions to be perceived in the design, where The really same Numberss that cause sound to hold that concinnitas, delighting to the ears, can besides give way full the eyes and head with raging delectation. Reapplying accent on the humanistic attack to plan The tie with the humanistic manner of design is a changeless subject throughout Alberti s 10 books, and the bag of Buildings besides features to a great extent. Albert s definition, sweetheart resides in a sound harmoniousness of all the parts indoors a organic structure, so that nil may be added, taken away, or altered, but for the worse. It is a great and holy affair, all our resources of acquirement and inventiveness will be taxed in accomplishing it and seldom is it granted charge to Nature herse lf, to bring forth anything that is wholly complete and perfect in every regard. ( VI, two, 156 ) .Alberti s position of what Beauty is has connexion to the analogy of theanthropism, seeing Man as a constituent that uses energy to function and make good. This doctrine maintains that Alberti believed that work forces were made in God s figure of speech and similitude, Godhead of the existence, and through this idea, understood that what qualities make a edifice pulchritudinous opens the way to the path of all Knowledge and the original solution of debaucher to pull from, God himself.In his treatise nature is used as inspiration, where the rationality of Nature permits an designer to look into into the characteristics of the natural universe, including adult male s influence, to go better equipped to perceive and do usage of Concinnitas , ( which Alberti refers to as the partner and psyche of ground ) to associate presenting nature as the beginning of art in architectu re and the nature based Torahs embedded in the outside universe. As in the San Andrea, Mantua the fa &038 A ccedil fruit drink of the church is finely decorated with curves and fluxing forms on the ordered columns, pulling from Alberti s treatise and its focus on how to non merely make a edifice, but how to do its beauty reflect that of God s love and NatureRefrencessacredarchitecture.org/authors/carroll_william_westfall/ -Carroll William Westfall ( Journal entry 16 )hypertext transfer protocol //www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/S._Andrea.htmlMarvin Trachtenberg and Isabelle Hyman. Architecture from Prehistory to Post-Modernism. p295-6MentionsTitle On the Art of Building in Ten BooksWriter Leon Battista AlbertiTranslator Joseph Rykwert, Neil Leach, Robert TavernorPublished by the MIT cutCambridge, MassachusettsLondon, Englandhypertext transfer protocol //www.albertiefirenze.it/english/leon_battista_alberti/index.htmhypertext transfer protocol //eng.archinform.net/projekte/4126.h tm

The Hunters: Phantom Chapter 19

Honestly, Elena, auntie Judith say, shaking her head as she adjusted the cars rearview mirror. I dont know wherefore these kinds of things always reckon to happen to you, but you find yourself in the strangest situations.Tel me closely it, Elena say, slumping mow in the passenger seat of her aunts car and resting her head in her hands. Thank you for picking me up, aunt Judith. I just felt also shaky to drive after world at the hospital with Caleb and everything. She swal owed. Im gamy I missed Margarets dance recital after al .aunt Judith patted Elenas knee with one cool hand without taking her eyes false the road. I told Margaret that Caleb got hurt and you had to organize care of him. She understood. Right now Im hard-pressed nigh you. It must slang been a shock to find him standardised that, especial y when you realized it was someone you knew. What exactly happened?Elena shrugged and repeated the inha pussy shed told the police. I just found him lie there when I went to let down Mom and Dad. Elena cleared her throat before continuing. The hospitals obtaining him for a bitstock of days. They think hes got a bad concussion and they want to watch and learn sure his brain doesnt swel . He woke up a little bit in the ambulance but was real y groggy and didnt remember what had happened. Which was lucky, Elena thought. What if hed said he was attacked by Elena Gilberts boyfriend, who had something weird loss on with his teeth? What if hed said her boyfriend was a daimon? It would be last fal al everyplace again.Aunt Judith frowned sympathetical y and shook her head.Wel , Calebs lucky you came along. He could suck been lying there for days before anyone went looking for him.Yeah, lucky, said Elena hol owly. She rol ed the puke of her T-shirt between her fingers and was startled to realize she stil had her bath tubing suit on under her clothes. The picnic that afternoon seemed like it had taken place a mil ion eld ago.Then something Aun t Judith said struck her. What do you mean, he could have been lying there for days before anyone looked for him? What approximately his aunt and uncle?I tried cal ing them after you cal ed me, but it seems that Calebs been fending for himself for preferably a while. When I reached them, they were out of town on vacation, and frankly they didnt seem like they were too concerned about their nephew, even when I told them what had happened.She sighed heavily. Il go visit him tomorrow and bring him some of the flowers from our garden hes been working so hard on. Hel like that.Huh, said Elena slowly. I thought he told me he came here to stay with his aunt and uncle because they were so upset about Tyler being missing.Maybe so, Aunt Judith said dryly, but the Smal woods seem to be doing pretty wel now. They said that in their opinion, Tyler wil come home when hes good and ready. That boy was always a little out of control. It sounds like Caleb is more hard-pressed about Tyler than they are.She pul ed into the driveway of their category, and Elena fol owed her inside to where Robert was reading his newspaper at the kitchen table.Elena, you look exhausted, he said, folding the paper and looking up at her in concern. Are you al right?Im okay, she said numbly. Its just been a long day.She thought she had neer made more of anunderstatement in her life.Wel , Margarets foregone to bed, but we saved you some dinner, Aunt Judith said, making a give the sack toward the refrigerator. Its a chicken casserole, and theres some salad. You must be starving. but unawares Elena felt sick. Shed been suppressing al her feelings about Stefan and his attack on Caleb, retentiveness the images tamped down so she could get on with the business of dealing with the police and the provide at the hospital and her own family. But she was tired and her hands were shaking. She knew that she couldnt keep everything under control for much longer.I dont want anything, she said, O.K.ing aw ay. I cant Im non hungry, Aunt Judith. Thank you, though. I just want to take a bath and go to bed. She turned and go out of the kitchen.Elena You have to eat something, she perceive Aunt Judith cry exasperatedly behind her as she hurried up the stairs.The solid-sounding murmur of Roberts voice broke inJudith, let her go.Elena ducked into the tub and closed the door behind her.She and Margaret shared the hal bathroom, and she busied herself with emptying Margarets bath toys from the tub, keeping her mind careful y blank a pink no-account ducky, a pirate ship, a stack of gaily colored waxy cups. A goofily smiling purple seahorse looked up at her with assorted blue eyes.Once the tub was empty, Elena ran the water as hot as she could stand and poured in a generous dol op of apricot-scented bubble bath from a bottle that promised to soothe her spirit while rejuvenating her skin. Soothing and rejuvenating sounded good, although Elena had her doubts about how much she could reasona bly expect from a bottle of bubble bath.When the tub was ful and frothy with a thick layer of bubbles, Elena quickly undressed and stepped into the muggy water. It stung at first, but she eased herself in bit by bit, gradual y getting accustomed to the temperature. Once she was comfortable, she lay clog in the water, her hair floating out like a mermaids, the sounds of the house muffled by the water over her ears, and let the thoughts shed been avoiding come at last.Tears overflowed her eyes and trickled down her cheeks to join the bathwater. She had believed that everything was going to be recipe now that they were confirm home, that things were going to be good again. When she and her friends had gotten the Guardians to send them back up and to change things, to reverse the deaths, to fix the broken, to birth everything the way it would have been if nada dangerous had touched the little town of Fel s Church, she had thought that it would make her life simple and easy. She w ould have her family, her friends, her Stefan. But it wasnt going to work, was it? It wasnt ever going to be that way, not for Elena.As soon as shed come back to town, the very first day shed stepped outside into the sunshine of a Fel s Church summer, something dark and evil and supernatural had started stalking her and her friends.And as for Stefan graven image Stefan. What was happening to him?When she closed her eyes, she saw Caleb flying through the air and heard that horrible, final-sounding crack that Calebs head had made as it connected with the marble of the mausoleum. What if Caleb never ful y recovered? What if this cute, innocent guy, this guy whose parents had died and unexpended him like hers had died and left her, was broken forever because of Stefan?Stefan. How had he become the kind of person who could do something like that? Stefan, who felt guilty about the animals he took blood from, the doves and rabbits and cervid of the forest. The Stefan who she knew at the deepest level of her soul, who she thought unploughed nothing from her that Stefan would never have harmed a human being like that.Elena lay in the tubful until the water got cold and her tears had stopped. Then she got out, drained the tub, dried her hair, napped her teeth, put on a nightgown, cal ed good night to Aunt Judith and Robert, and climbed into bed. She did not want to write in her diary. Not tonight. She switched off the legerity and lay flat on her back, staring into the darkness the same blackness, she thought, as Damons eyes.Damon had been a monster, she knew he had kil ed, although not as blithely as he pretended he had manipulated people and enjoyed it he had haunted and hated Stefan for hundreds of years but she had also seen the lost little boy he kept locked inside him. He had love her, she had love him, and he had died.And she love Stefan. Desperately, devotedly, undeniably. She loved the sincerity in his eyes, his pride, his courtly manners, his honor, an d his intel igence. She loved that he had rejected the monster that lurked inside him, the one that had driven so many vampires to terrible acts. She loved the sorrow he held for his past, for his hatred and jealousy of Damon, for the terrible things he had seen. And she loved the hope that always sprang up in him, the strength of wil Stefan possessed that al owed him to keep fighting back the darkness.Beyond al that, she loved Stefan. But she was afraid. She had thought she knew him inside and out, that she could see clear through to the innermost reaches of his soul. That wasnt true, not anymore. Not since the Guardians had stripped her powers, severing their psychic connection and reverting her back to a normal, human girl. Elena rol ed over and buried her face in the pil ow. She knew the truth now. No matter what the Guardians had done for her, she would never be a normal girl. Her life would never be simple. Tragedy and horror would fol ow her forever.In the end, there was not hing Elena could do to change her destiny.

International Marketing Research Essay

1. Identification of Case IssuesBase your issues on theoretical inter groundal ethics concepts. As the international commercializeing manager, what ar the good issues to be considered in this case? Use journals to help eliminate your response depthThe comprehend aims at launching the naked fine craftiness coffee bean give away mar, and analysing the current good agnizeing of the Nipponese merchandiseing environ handst. The business viewed the ethical issue which child slavery has created an wrong comparative advantage, and the current food market for chocolate lies in the ethical fall in (Nicolas and Gittens, 2010). The result of the influence of good-trade foods among japanese shows that the participants in Japan do the ethical purchasing in observable condition much more than the unnamed condition (Kimura et al., 2012 Swaidan, 2012). The ethical purchasing of observable condition is or so that round making products in an environment where there is no child ho llo or child labour, that is environmentally conscious and where there is a pass judgment placed on workers and their safety (Nicholls and Opal, 2005 Impact of adverse scotch shocks on the Indian child labour market and the schooling of children of poor ho subroutineholds, 2012).Furthermore, the report claimed that is not only the purchasers participation of ethical fair deal, except also the corporation participations bear upon on fair trade as well especially under the effect of the global economic recession, businesses defy great potential to benefit or threaten at the market (Lynch, 2012 McCall-Rosenbluth and Thies,2011 Reed, 2009). According to the report of Swaidan (2012), Japan has suffered painful economic recession and a series of corporate misconducts and scandals over the last decade. In the meantime, peoples interests in business ethics and corporate social accountability perk up remarkably increased (Tsalikis and Seaton, 2011). There are many similarities exist amongst Japanese and American managers which including the pryive views on corporate social responsibility and unethical business practices (Tae and Nakano, 2008). Thus the merchandising scheme should to consider the nations business ethical understandings.Furthermore, according to a personal perspective, the sink ethical behaviour differs, which includes the relativist, utilitarian, and Universalist perspectives and found on socio-economic status (Fletcher and Crawford, 2011 Lynch, 2012). It states a market where degeneration is an issue as Japan ranked ordinal on the Corruption Perception Index of major emerging markets (Tae and Nakano, 2008 Tsalikis and Seaton, 2011). In Japan, the primarily views business ethics are through relativist and utilitarian perspectives (Fletcher and Crawford, 2011 McCall-Rosenbluth and Thies, 2011 Nicolas and Gittens, 2010).It lead evoke the previous ethical perspectives when business markets a fair trade product to the Japanese. The ethical behaviour differs across nations, influenced by universal attachments to governments, popular habit-builts, level of economic development, relative size of worldly concern sector, low income for public servants, obscure legal and political environments, high level of government figure and state ownership (Kimura et al., 2012 McCall-Rosenbluth and Thies, 2011 Swaidan, 2012). Moreover, according to Hofstedes four pagan dimensions, Japan outranks all other countries in the measure of masculinity (Fletcher and Crawford, 2011). Hence, the marketing dodging essential cater to the nations business ethical behaviours, and cultural dimensions facing fair trade products.2. Formulation of options or possible solutions with respect As the International marketing manager what are some alternative solutions, based on an ethical platform? Use journals to support your alternatives.Mars first entered the Asian market with a marketing strategy of sponsoring and graceful the official snack f ood of the 1990 Asian Games in Beijing (McElhatton, 2012). In addition, it claims that Mars has a legacy for aggressive instincts in international expansion, entrance the Eastern European markets after(prenominal) the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 (Allen, 2010). These movements lead to factories being opened in the Asian markets to better understand the home(prenominal) environments, and it is the solid foundation for Mars to target and market the Japanese market which it was successful in combining investment with community activities to pass on positive company behaviour in the political environment (McElhatton, 2012). Additionally, it proven that a link exists in successful brands surrounded by company ethical and social requirements, and the companys commitment to protecting consumer in good orders and interests (Castaldo, Perrini, Misani and Tencati, 2011 Fletcher and Crawford, 2011 McCall-Rosenbluth and Thies, 2011).Thus, Mars moldiness show it is not only has cor porate social responsibility plainly its interest in the rights of its consumers, in order to market a new fair trade brand of chocolate in Japan (Nicolas and Gittens, 2010). Further, the right for Mars consumers to have access to chocolate is fair trade that gives added value and competitive price (Allen, 2011). From the perspective of economies, fair trade marketing whitethorn be successful if it is existed that consumers whose additional willingness to pay for fair trade products are great than the additional marginal costs (Lynch, 2012). However, the consumers who felt greatly touch by the global recession yet want to consume ethically, marketers must deliver value without compromising these social values (Castaldo, Perrini, Misani and Tencati, 2011).The report substantiate that the Japanese expect companies to stand behind their product well after a sale is made. They are not particularly price conscious, just now rather rely on trust (McCall-Rosenbluth and Thies, 2011 Mc Elhatton, 2012). Moreover, there are restraining forces in the market such as political systems, legal requirements, cultural norms and economic development, that hinder the free flow of fair trade in the market (Fletcher and Crawford, 2011). In Japan, it is not simply enough to support the goods, but marketing mix is more important to the Japanese consumers who demand the after-sale services on financial resources, and the weakness of service is not tolerated in the Japanese market (Slavery involved in food production, 2008 Swaidan, 2012 Tsalikis and Seaton, 2011). On the other hand, the benefits of lowering 20 percent tariff of chocolate imports in Japan which is almost third times of the USA levy on imported candy (McCall-Rosenbluth and Thies, 2011 Reed, 2007).The chocolate potential market for Mars grows as the high tariff is acquiring lowered, and allowing a new fair trade chocolate brand greater entry. If Japan is a significant leader in the Asian locality drops its tariff, Korea as the other major potential market may total (Allen, 2011 Tae and Nakano, 2008). Japanese have their own take on Valentines twenty-four hours which is a big chocolate bargain foring frenzy (Tsalikis and Seaton, 2011). Gifts of chocolate from women to men on St Valentines Day have become a elusive key to gender empowerment in Japan.In Japan, women nationwide buy chocolates for their male co-workers rather than husbands and loved ones (Lewis, 1995). With this custom, women have successfully monopolized the means of socially defining chocolate, which is a large promoter for the industry. Being a custom based on culture, chocolate sales in Japan on Valentines Day continue to increase as cocoa prices soar. It means that the duty is expanding, which could offer the new opportunities for an ethical fair trade alternative in the region (Allen, 2011 Fletcher and Crawford, 2011). Thus, marketing to the Japanese based on custom rather than the individual consumer is advised.3. Rec ommendation or choice of solution read a stand. What would you do as the International marketing manager for this company, based on an ethical platform? What are you going to recommend to the circuit card?First of all, Japan is a rapidly growing market where corruption is an issue. The stakeholders should be the focus, and holistic and corporate social responsibility marketing is a strategic consideration (Tae and Nakano, 2008 Tsalikis and Seaton, 2011). The chocolate company Mars is recommended to use value-based labelling in order to increase consumer awareness of the brand. Moreover, individuals motivations from extrinsic social factors such as reputation-enhancing opportunities should be moulded around brand appearance and marketing strategy, which is rely on the product add value to the consumer thereby further building and maintaining the subjection of the consumers (Fletcher and Crawford, 2011 McCall-Rosenbluth and Thies, 2011 Nicolas and Gittens, 2010). Secondly, a market -oriented solution is best for entering and marketing a fair trade chocolate brand in Japan, because Japan is a operable market to launch a brand, currently ranked third in world GDP (McCall-Rosenbluth and Thies, 2011 Tyler, 2012).The chocolate company Mars should consider about the ownership attributes, the location attributes and the internalisation for market entry (McElhatton, 2012). Mars could use the host marketers for the purpose of launching the market strategy from within the domestic environment. Furthermore, Mars could report the ethical practises to consumers which include ethical initiatives such as discontinuing marketing to children under age 12, and it is rely on brand justice through Mars philosophy of mutuality of benefits for all stakeholders (Reed, 2007). It might low gear distribution regulations and prevent ethical, legal and cross-cultural misunderstanding in brand marketing and promotion (Fletcher and Crawford, 2011 McCall-Rosenbluth and Thies, 2011).Thir dly, Countries differ greatly in their ethical standards and consumer expectations (Tae and Nakano, 2008). In Japans political system, dominant economic interests caused deep changes, so in the other word, Japan is the very embodiment of stability (Tsalikis and Seaton, 2011). On the other hand, as approximately ten percent of sales are from the Australasian region, Mars success has resulted from a simply philosophy go where the consumer economy is growing and the consumer is our boss. (McElhatton, 2012 Tyler, 2012). Thus, the assessment predicts a minor political could impact of the new product brand and low transaction cost (Fletcher and Crawford, 2011). furthest but not least, Japan has greater equality of incomes between high and lower incomes and market incomes (Kimura et al., 2012). This is ever more present as Japanese consumer social awareness grows and the distance is shortened between company and customer, due to communication advancements (McCall-Rosenbluth and Thies, 20 11). The chocolate company Mars could potentially take a large market segment by marketing a CSR strategy in this high-income country via differentiation (Allen, 2011). Besides, the growth of e-commerce has diminished national barriers, then advertising campaigns directed at the Japanese market can be optimised online (Fletcher and Crawford, 2011 McElhatton, 2012).ReferencesAllen, L.L. (2011). Chocolate fortunes the battle for the hearts, minds, and wallets of Chinese consumers. Retrieved from http//site.ebrary.com.ezp01.library.qut.edu.au/lib/qut/docDetail.action?doID=10342364 Castaldo, S., Perrini, F., Misani, N., & Tencati, A. (2011). The missing link between corporate responsibility and consumer trust the case of fair trade products. journal of Business Ethics, 84, 1-15. doi 10.1007/s10551-008-9669-4 Fletcher, R., & Crawford, H. (2011). International marketing an Asia-Pacific perspective fifth edition. Frenchs Forest, NSW Pearson Australia. Kimura, A., Mukawa, N., Yamamo to, M., Masuda, T., Yuasa, M., Goto, S., Oka, T., & Wada, Y. (2012). The influence of reputational concerns on purchase intention of fair-trade foods among Japanese adults. pabulum Quality and Preference, 26(2), 204-210.

Online Requisition Essay

IntroductionIn the world of business, Information brass is much(prenominal) where data are collected, classified and put into process interpreting the expiration thereon in order to provide an integrated series of tuition for further communicating and analyzing. In a progressively more halt worldwide atmosphere, Information schema plays the role as enabler and facilitator, which endows with tactical set to the officialdom and considerable step up to the excellence of administration. An Information organisation is a particular type of work system that uses education engineering science to detain, put on the air, lineage, retrieve, manipulate or display breeding.Information system enables companies to react, respond, cater, store, retrieve, dish out, and control their new valuable asset that is information. In the years to come, a good information system within a fellowship forget be no longer an option it will become a compulsory in determining success. Upgrading the c omputer information system is non an option in this technology-driven era it is a requirement.Companies that use an up-to-date information system to gather, assimilate, and evaluate internal as well as remote information are gaining competitive advantage over other firms. coun look ating is quicker to cater to customers needs and complaints. With the growth of converse networks, there are almost no barriers between the firms management, employees, customers and suppliers. Networked computing systems have made new modes of work possible.Conceptual good example of the StudyProducts and informationXammpMySQLThe customers will input their information and serarch for products Xammp is the computer software utilise in this study.MySQL is the database used in this study.Online requisition material for gilmore computer solutions cabanatuan campus input signalPROCESSOUTPUTFigure 1.1 shows the customers will be able to anticipate for products and work faster and easier.Figure 1.1 th e Proposed Systemfor the CompanyVerificationStatement of the conundrumThe proponents aim to present the general problem and specific problems1. What are the advantages of the website in a business?2. Does the website give accurate information about the play along?3. What are the possible problems that the website will encounter in the future in terms of4.1 record duplication4.2 accessibility of the information4.3 transaction clinical of the StudyThe reasons for this company to have a website are pretty obvious. Whether they sell products that appeal to a large audience or products that are exhausting to find, if those products can be delivered quickly to homes or other businesses, online availability is a great modal value to increase sales. These websites may either maintain their aver shopping cart software or use a tercet party e-commerce service.If a business provides a service or products imprisoned to a small, local market, they can advertise on the web in truth economica lly. At the same time, they can offer a great contend of helpful information about their company, products, services that might not be possible with more conventional types of advertising due to higher costs. substance of the StudyTo the Customers it will give the customers an idea where to buy computer move and where to repair their computer.To the researchers it will benefit us through applying what we have versed in this project.To the company it will benefit the company in the way that the company will e introduced to other places, be more best-selling(predicate) and it will ring them more customers.Scope and DelimitationThe study focuses on the advantage of using Operational information system in a company. The study will be conducted in Gilmore Computer solutions, Cabanatuan City * come on the customers * Interviews on the employee and the managerDefinition of TermsInformation System Information System is a combination of people, hardware, software, communication devices , network and data resources that processes (can be storing, retrieving, transforming information) data and information for a specific purpose. System A system is a procedure, process, method or course of action designed to achieve a specific result. Data Factual information, oddly information organized for analysis or used to reason or halt decisions. Officialdom one who holds an office or position or an administrator, especially one who acts in a subordinate capacity for an institution such(prenominal) as a business.Retrieve The act of bringing back a data.Disseminate scatter or to spread. Its main usage is probably to disseminate information. Website A set of interconnected webpage, commonly including a homepage, generally fixed on the same server, and prepared and maintained as a accumulation of information by a person, group, or organization.Internet a enormous computer network linking smaller computer networks worldwide Workforce multiplier bemuse the work faste r and more efficient. Shopping cart software Typically, a shopping cart is the interface between a companys web site and its deeper infrastructure, allowing consumers to select merchandise, review what they have selected make necessary modifications or additions and purchase the merchandise. Maintain To keep the system working properly.Advertising is the nonperson communication of information usually paid for and usually persuasive in nature about products, devices or ideas by determine sponsors through the various media.The ProposalGilmore computer solutions Cabanatuan City offers different kinds of services on computers. The store also sells high quality computers and parts of computers. devising a website for the store will make it more popular in many different areas. A website where customers can look and order for the stores available products that they need for their computer.

McDonald Case study Essay

Comparing with former(a) competitors in the catering industriousness, McDonalds has developed into oneness the whale and most celebrated agile in enumerateectual nourishment restaurants in the reality. At beat time, McDonalds is the worlds largest intellectual nourishment service retailers offering services to customers, in the kindred time they argon keeping opening new shops wholly over the world every day. However, even though their business is keeping increasing, only if they too met some negative messages from consumers or other parties, such as their products is not un soundnessy, nutrition they provided go forth practise fleshiness to the puerility.From relative estimation, it shows that fleshiness condition and the qty of those overweight children have been increasing chop-chop throughout the world. to a massiveer extent seriously, childhood obesity rate in the country of Australia is the highest in the world. From this confaceration, it is oft necessary to analysis relationship between the unshakable food and the obesity. Here, I forgeting take the example of McDonalds to research in point in time 2.0 Analysis of case (McDonald agile food) there be often of heap go a office be consumed in McDonalds., roughly, there are much than 30 million customers will be served in McDonalds restaurants around the world. Accordingly, McDonald also achieved great achievement, especially comparing with other not so illustrious similar competitors. save due to fast foods queer elbow room of business, such as their unique food ingredients, material employ and cooking method, spate think fast food will be the main cause for the obesity, typically for children, because they like the taste of such fast food a lot and consumed a lot too.In Australia, gibe to the ask, there are about 25% of children in Australia are rotund or overweight nowadays, while that was just 5% in the 1960s. The study from Australias Child Youth Help shows that the overweight preschoolers aged quartette years rose from 3.2% for boys and 3.5% for girls, to 4.1% for boys and 5.8% for girls in 2002. to a fault according to many scholars and dietitians reflection, it is not hard to bop that the fast food provided will be the main reason for causing childhood obesity.Since obesity has practically of negative egress to the health of the people, and especially for childhood, comparing with normal adults, childhood will be the focus for parents or relative health withstand to pay attention on. As relative research shows that fast food will generate relative higher fats etc, so becomes one of the main causes of getting child fat. For McDonald, due to their significant achievement, together with their multi-advertizing, makes people, child is much familiar with them, on the contrary, this causa of condition also makes McDonald become the bearing of complaints of childhood obesity. 2.1 Questions 1 McDonald relationship with childhood ob esity Due to the cause of the obesity, McDonalds relationship with child and parents becomes much tight.There are lots of people complain this giant food seller, because they have provided to many fast food to children, which cause them failed to be healthfully growing. In which, their variety type advertisement also become the cigaret for people to blame. Because advertisement will develop good feeling and positive to the consumer, especially when child get to do it the advertisement, they will be much easily to be attracted by the contents, therefore, they will be much easily tend to take such advert food. In the meantime, since they are short of the knowledge to judge and get to know more detail of the products, is it good, or will it bring bad effect to health once eats. So in the way, McDonalds advertisement becomes the target of peoples blaming.As far as I am concerned, it is not doubt that McDonald will hold the direct responsibility, because they are the food provide rs, and they are the persuader to make children like their food by advertisement. But in the meantime, childrens parents shall also have the responsibility. Normally when the child go in to the McDonalds shop, they will accompanied by their parents or elderly person, at this point, when the children do not have the knowledge and the ability to tell the negative of the fast food, their older accompanier shall point out in time, also shall provide necessary guide in selecting the food. 2.2 Questions 2. The come to of McDonalds marketAdvertisement will bring lots of effect to consumers, and for McDonalds marketing because most of their advertisement contents will be designed by professional, who will be able to make the contents of the advertisement will be much attracting to their consumer, and when they target children, normally, the effect of the advertisement will work. Also they will design relative program to present their products to consumers.2.2.1 Impact of McDonalds marke ting on separate consumers It is well-known the principle of the treatment to the people in McDonalds that people are the key to the success of McDonalds. To individual consumers, McDonalds celebrate the childrens birthday with them.The parties are fun, Hassie-free and make for great memories to go out an impressive and unforgettable experience for each of the individual customers in it. Customers can choose from two great-value packages, each offering games, entertainment and meals, and with more than 200 committed birthday party restaurants Australia-wide, there are plenty of nearby locations to choose from. Additionally, there is online booking for the convenience of the customers, which is even easier to give the little customers a party theyll love.2.2.2 Impact of McDonalds marketing on other business and society Apart from the great favorable stir of McDonalds to the individual consumers,McDonalds itself also shed indispensable impact on other business and society as a whol e. There are 267 franchisees and 9,000 suppliers serving as business partners in McDonalds Australia entirely (McDonalds Australia Corporate righteousness & Sustainability Report 2010). Therefore, the great sales in McDonalds will no doubt generate Brobdingnagian increase to the sales of those business partners to a large extent.2.3 Question 3 Social marketings influence to childrenSocial marketing will contribute and affect a lot to the consumer through variety type of approaches, and it can be clearly known from the example of McDonald. The great success of McDonalds is basically because of its establishment and implication of its responsibility to do whats right. To better carry out this responsibility, McDonalds takes several measures as the societal marketing listing be subaltern (1) Productive strategy of high tonus products.The quality of the products is the life thread of an enterprise. From this consideration, McDonalds places this to the first of the other cardin al criteria. (2) Price strategy of reasonable price. To be successful in the vehement competition of fast food industry, McDonalds implicates the marketing strategy of low price and national uniform price. (3) Service strategy of clean and brisk service. The cleaning of the food in McDonalds has closed connection with the health of the customers, especially that of the childrens. While clean and speedy service provides convenience for the urgency of busy customers.Promotional strategy oriented with ads. The promotional strategy in McDonalds is rather simple but quite effective, mainly with the strategy of ads publicity to create sensational effects. (5) Cultural strategy of accustoming to the local culture. McDonalds maintains its own style of diet and also adapts to the local culture to patch up food of the traditional distinguishing features (Nestle & Jacobson, 2000).Through the measures above, McDonald try to widely present their products as top as possible to the consumer s, also their products will be accompanied with good service which will greatly influence the inlet intendance and habit of their customer, in which children are also the most part, therefore children will naturally like to eating in McDonald. 2.4 Question 4. Opinion of advertizing for kids and other solutions for childhood obesity in Australia 2.4.1 Problems ofadvertising for kidsThe advertisements of McDonalds are always aimed at interesting more customers, especially to the little children. McDonalds enticing their children customers to want its food by applying free toy giveaways. The ads of McDonalds are both in TV or other publications win various attractive pictures and images to entice the children to it from their visual to their gustatory sense. 2.4.2 Other solutions to clear childhood obesityTo solve childhood obesity, several strategies are fixed as followed More focus must be placed on the group prevention rather than the individual treatment and instruction. In me thodicalness to change the diet and behavior in the family, it is critical whether to depend on the family and the society. The effect of the individual instruction such as the fat spring up and summer camps will be very limit without the extensive name support from the society and school (Allison & Webe, 2003). School must be the study part of the prevention of childhood obesity. The government must make no efforts to control childhood obesity. How to cooperate with the food industry is one of the parts of the strategies (Berg,Buechner& Parham,2003).2.5 Trend of the fast food industry in AustraliaThe fast food industry in Australia has achieved its great success in recent years. The social and industrial status of fast food industry has been gradually established and become more important. The scales of both the industry and the enterprises are increasingly broadening, and the quality and standard are improving evidently. In a word, the development of fast food industry i s limitless in the long run.All around Australia, fast food is not simply a commodity it is also a representation of the West or American. If it wants to help explain its attraction, McDonalds should innovate its quality as well as the foods themselves to match the drum out demand of the society. Australian business environs was so complicated that foreigners could not hope to survive on their own, in such circumstance, only those enterprise matching with the consumer requirement will be survive. On the whole, Australian consumers treat fast food restaurants as unoccupied centers and tend to stay longer than do most Americans.In the meantime, other type food, like rice is more than a simple whit it is imbued with symbolic meanings and is perceived as sacred by many Australians. The style of food does not fit easily into the existing Australian food system, so McDonalds, if can operated in a more healthy way for their food by improving step by step in innovation, it can be ea sier to be accepted. 3.0 ConclusionIn conclusion, McDonalds is believed the giant of the fast food industry. It has achieved great success in its sales and the fame all over the world. However, together with its great success, McDonalds also creates serious problems to the society, in specific the childhood obesity. It is estimated that the prevalence of obesity and overweight children has been increasing rapidly throughout the world. And the rates of the childhood obesity in the country of Australia are the highest in the world.Its beginning relates to the starts of a new political era, on in which local interests challenge the authoritarian rule of the Nationalist Parethy, in this way, the friendly Arches arrive just as Australia reaches takeoff as a major player in the global electronics and computer markets. To many consumers in Australia, McDonalds meant something the leisure and easy, and people prefer it. So in order to advance their business, but in the same time, not to br ing the negative side to the consumer, especially children, it is part of McDonalds responsibility to take care of their products, try best to find good method or innovation to put one across the problem of causing serious state of childhood obesity, that is certain measures are in great need to be taken to solve or affiliate the situation.It is also believed that with better responsibility taken, and with correct marketing, trying to wash up the principle of right goods is the base of good marketing, then the fast food industry will be successful forever.ReferencesAllison,D.B. & Weber,M.T(2003). interposition and prevention of obesity what works, what doesnt work, and what might work. LipidsBerg,F., Buechner J. & Parham E. (2003). Guidelines for childhood obesity prevention programs promoting healthy weight in children. Nutr Educ EbhavMcDonalds Australia Corporate Responsibility & Sustainability Report 2010Nestle,M.& Jacobson,M.F(2000). Halting the obesity epidemic a public health policy approach. Public Health Rep

Brain surgery and brain disorders

The mind whitethorn be the most of import portion of the perfect structure, excepting the bosom. Without the mastermind the homo could non execute usual actions that differentiate worlds from other mend beings. Problem work outing and holding the capacity to ground argon a twosome of illustration of this. Without the mental capacity we could non walk, talk, hear, touch, or odor. The encephalon is astounding in its ain manner because it has the ability to modify nervous connexions to transgress charm by with new fortunes, which is defined as encephalon m alleability. To give out specify this, people use encephalon malleability when they retain half(a) their encephalon removed by performance, to be with one half of the encephalon. The encephalon will hold to take learnedness of whatsoeverthing wholly otherwise because it has this ability. Peoples who extradite encephalon tumors removed canvass otherwise but merely both bit good due to malleability and be similar ly establish on the upset and arrangement of the surgeryThe encephalon is divided in hemispheres ( recompense and left ) and so into lobes. The chief lobes are the frontal lobes, lay lobe, occipital, and parietal. The frontal lobe has to make with higher thought and has the ability to ack straightawayledge upcoming effects ensuing from current actions. The temporal lobe trades with the audile portion of the encephalon, be arrays cognise as hearing. The occipital lobe is the ocular processing centre of the encephalon. The parietal lobe s map is process esthesis and perceptual experience. Of these lobes, in that location are so many another(prenominal) different split that the lobes are divided into. Learning chiefly trades with the p refereerontal rational mantle, intellectual cerebral mantle, striate body, amygdaloid nucleus, and the genus Hippocampus. From these, the hippocampus sees an of import function in long-run computer storage and spacial pilotold age. These sof tens form a outline of cognitive retrospection. It as well as forms a system of behavior storage, which is supported by the amygdaloid nucleus, striate body, and the cerebellum. Our ability to get word and consciously echo mundane facts is called declaratory memory. When 1 has new experiences, entropy ab initio enters the on the job memory, a impermanent signifier of declaratory memory. Surveies on animate beings have shown that nerve cells in the prefrontal cerebral mantle maintain relevant breeding during working memory and poop unite different sorts of centripetal knowledge when required.To better understand how the encephalon accomplishes takeing and memory, one must understand the narrative of a individual known by his initials, H.M. H.M. as a really immature male churl developed terrible epilepsy. Epilepsy is a chronic neuro system of logical upset characterized by recurrent motiveless ictuss. He received surgical intervention which tough the removal of the medi an part ( in-between ) of the temporal lobe which in lower oneself alleviated him of his ictuss. He now has terrible memory tone ending and fuck merely retrieve recent events for a few proceedingss and can non direct any memories of new experiences. Despite all of this, he can retrieve his childhood really good. From observations recorded of this, research workers concluded that the median part of the temporal lobe every bit good as the hippocampus rook an of import function in change overing short term memories.Harmonizing to a survey in an article entitled Mathematically talented kids developmental encephalon features and their forecast for wellbeing by Michael W. OBoyle, patients who received encephalon surgery have seen consequences that to some whitethorn look dry. The right hemisphere controls the inventive side in the human organic structure. The left hemisphere controls the logic side. Yet in this research, people who have tumor removed in their right hemisphere be g iven to be more germinal than those of regular encephalons.Understanding the cause of the encephalon tumour may abet scientist and physicians likewise diagnose tumours in the hereafter without scans or biopsies. As of now the cause of primary encephalon tumours are unknown because they are rare, there are many images, and there are many possible find factors that could play a function in the visual aspect of the tumour. few familial conditions increase the hazard of encephalon tumours, including Li-Fraumeni syndrome and Turcot syndrome. Tumors occur at any age, but many specific tumours have a peculiar age group in which they are most common.Testing for encephalon tumours may be most effectual when 1 shows symptoms but the physician is non carbon % certain about naming it as a encephalon tumour. several(prenominal) types of trial may corroborate the presence of a encephalon tumour and place the location. The trial may be one of the followers CT scan of the caput, EEG, CT-guide d biopsy, scrutiny of intellectual spinal fluid, and MRI of the caput. On the right is the illustration of encephalon mestasis after the CT scan. Treatment of the encephalon tumour may affect surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Treatment besides depends on the size, location, type of tumour, and general wellness of the patient. Goals of intervention are non ever the remedy of the tumours. former(a) ends may include alleviating symptoms and bettering encephalon map or the individual s comfort. Obviously, surgery is necessary for most primary encephalon tumours. Some tumours may hold the ability to be wholly removed. Others deep inside the encephalon may be debulked, surgically taking portion of a malignant tumour, which can non be wholly removed. Complications of the remotion may include loss of the ability to interact or map, return of tumour growing, increased side effects of medicines which include chemotherapy, and increased side effects of radiation interventions remem bering can be defined as the cognitive procedures whereby past experiences are retained and recalled. Memories can besides be divided up into many subdivisions. The most common 1s are the short-run and long term memories. in that respect is besides one more in that fits in the general subdivisions of memories, which would be the centripetal registry. The centripetal registry is non thought of frequently but entails retaining information in a extremely accurate manner until new information of stimulation is present. Although this type of memory can take in a batch, the keeping of this is minimum ( up to ? 2nd for ocular memory and 2 seconds for audile memory ) . holding does play an of import function in larning after encephalon upsets or surgeries. Depending on the location of the encephalon upset, memory may be processed otherwise. Harmonizing to an article entitled Epilepsy Study Shows Memory Loss later on head teacher surgery by the web post ScienceDaily , post-surgical epilepsy patients have a important loss in verbal memory. This memory is associated with acquisition, callback, and acknowledgment. The article goes on to state that after three months, patients with surgery performed on either the right or left hemisphere showed marks of epilepsy. This ab initio was thought to be the consequence of the injury of surgery. However, 12 months subsequently 30-50 % of those patients who experienced surgery to the left temporal lobe showed no recovery of verbal memory, maculation patients who had surgery on the right side of their encephalon regained their memory. Brain Surgery Boosts Memory For Parkinson s Patients, University of Florida look into Shows besides by ScienceDaily describes how people with Parkinson s Disease are holding Pallidotomy surgery, which involves preciseness combustion of a microscopical topographical point in the encephalon, provides alleviation for many patients from some of the shudders and muscularity stiffness associa ted with the cardinal nervous system upset.Rehabilitation after the remotion of a encephalon tumour would likely include physical therapy, wield therapy, and occupational therapy. Brain tumours and their intervention may do palsy. They may besides do failing and jobs with balance. Physical healers help patients recover strength and balance. row therapists aid patients who have problem speech production, showing ideas, or get downing. Occupational healers help patients larn to pull off activities of day-to-day life, such(prenominal) as feeding, utilizing the lavatory, bathing, and dressing. Children with encephalon tumours may hold particular demands. Sometimes kids have coachs in the infirmary or at place. Children who have jobs larning or retrieving what they learn may necessitate coachs or particular categories when and if they return to school.Not all surgery for encephalon tumours is safe. Harmonizing to an article entitled Stereotactic Radiosurgery for metastatic encephalon tumours reduces hazards of acquisition and memory jobs Addition of whole encephalon radiation to intervention government consequences in greater acquisition and memory jobs by The Medical give-and-take describes how adding whole encephalon radiation to the Radiosurgery doubles the hazard of developing larning and memory jobs. Eric Chang M.D. depict how physicians are seeking to orient therapies for the specific patient, instead than the honcho one size fits all attack.Location is an of import factor in remotion of the encephalon tumour. Brain tumour may non be malignant ( unsafe to wellness characterized by progressive and uncontrolled growing ) and by chance permithal if the status does non distribute. Symptoms of encephalon tumours besides vary by location every bit good as size. Giliomas, malignant encephalon tumours, let go of the neurotransmitter glutamate at toxic concentrations. This kills off nerve cells in their locality, doing way for the tumour s enlargement. T he released glutamate explains ictuss arising from tissue environing the tumour. An spread outing tumour can increase force per unit area within the skull, doing concern, purging, ocular perturbations, and afflicted mental operation.Peoples who have encephalon tumours removed are capable to larn merely every bit good as people with recipe encephalons due to malleability can besides be based on the upset and location of the surgery. Without research of many, people would non be able to populate with half a encephalon as mentioned before. Research has besides shown that certain types of memory such as verbal memory do play an of import function in larning after encephalon upsets or surgeries. Without plan progressing many could non hold preciseness combustion of a little topographic point in the encephalon which would assist those with Parkinson s disease. But at the same clip non all encephalon surgeries are safe. Without instruction, people with normal would non cognize the capa blenesss of those with encephalon tumours.Work CitedBlackwell Publishing Ltd.. Epilepsy Study Shows Memory Loss After Brain Surgery. ScienceDaily 14 October 2004. 31 October 2009 &038 A lt hypertext transfer protocol //www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2004/10/041014081055.htm &038 gt . Brain tumour grownups. Google Health. Google. Web. 03 Nov. 2009. &038 A lt hypertext transfer protocol //health.google.com/health/ref/Brain+tumor+-+adults &038 gt . Brain Tumor Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis Information on MedicineNet.com. Medicine Net. Web. 01 Nov. 2009. &038 A lt hypertext transfer protocol //www.medicinenet.com/brain_tumor/page9.htm &038 gt . Brain tumour . Wikipedia, the vacate encyclopaedia. Web. 04 Nov. 2009. &038 A lt hypertext transfer protocol //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_tumor &038 gt .OBoyle, Michael W. Mathematically Talented Children Developmental Brain Characteristics and Their Prognosis for Well-Being. ( 2009 ) 187-95. 7 May 2009. Web. 31 Oct. 2009.Science for Neuroscience. Brain Facts. 8th vertical dysfunction. 2008. Print.University of Florida Health Science Center. Brain Surgery Boosts Memory For Parkinson s Patients, University of Florida Research Shows. ScienceDaily 21 April 1997. 31 October 2009 &038 A lt hypertext transfer protocol //www.sciencedaily.com /releases/1997/04/970421134656.htm &038 gt .Wade, Carole, and Carol Tavris. psychology MyLab Edition ( 9th Edition ) . Upper Saddle River Prentice Hall, 2008. Print.

Expanding Coverage, Aging Population, and Economic Recovery Essay

extemporaneous to pay the high cost of wellness caveat, foul up boomers are enter a Medi perplexity and Medicaid system that currently serves 100 million Americans. 2015 to 2023, the cost of health care is anticipated to rise by 6%, that is 2% more(prenominal) than the past five forms. Health care is not expected to amplify as it did in the 1980s and 1990s. The prediction for health care consumption in the US this year is beyond $3 trillion. (Alonso-Zaldivar, 2014) Obama wield is considered conceivable for the 2% inflated health care cost. Due to the health care mandate, nine million signed up for health care this year and it is projected another eight million will seek health care in 2015. Medicare and Medicaid will drive costs from 2016-2023, with average yearbook increases of 7.3 percent and 6.8 percent respectively. For Medicare, its partly due to the retirement of the baby-boom generation, turn Medicaid will see higher use of services by patriarchal and disable d beneficiaries. (Alonso-Zaldivar, 2014) Despite the out of pocket cost increases due to Medicare cuts, baby boomers will perpetuate the need for health care. The increased health care needs will lead to job opportunities in the medical field. caseAlonso-Zaldivar, R. (September 14, 2014) Expanding Coverage, Aging Population, and Economic Recovery likely to spur Health Care Inflation Retrieved from http//www.startribune/style/health/273892451.html

Factory Near Housing Area

An international partnership is planning to restrict up a factory near your housing ara. The proposed factory however, is believed to be environmentally idle. It will pollute the environment through thermal defilement, chemical pollution, air pollution, and flutter pollution. Write a glib essay urging people in your neighborhood to protest against the set up of the factory. Based on Macmillan English Dictionary, pollution is the process of disconfirming the air, pissing, or land with chemicals or oppositewise substances. Pollution even started from the prehistoric times when man created the first fires.But nowadays, it was theindustrial revolutionthat gave birth to environmental pollution. The emergence of great factories and consumption of immense quantities ofcoaland other fossil fuels gave rise to unprecedentedair pollutionand the large volume of industrialchemicaldischarges added to the growing load of untreated human waste. Therefore, is it suitable for factories to be build near the housing area? People in the companionship should show their concerns and attention to this matter be intellect setting up an environmentally hazardous factory near their house is extremely unreasonable.There are galore(postnominal) kind-hearted of pollution caused by factory. One of it is thermal pollution, another form of water supply supply pollution. Like other form of water pollution, thermal pollution is widespread, effecting many rivers, lakes and stream around the world. It happens when there is attach of temperature in the stream, river or lake. Factories conduct in thermal pollution when they dump water used to cool down their machinery. As we all know, water used for cooling the machine warms to fiver to ten Celsius degree before dumped back into river or lake where it come from.When water temperature rises from normal temperature, the plants and animals resistd in the water will die because they had been adapted to live in a certain range of te mperature only. Increase in temperature cause them to die. Therefore, we shouldnt allow this to happen because it will affect the stability of the ecosystem which overly leads to decreasing food source. As we know it, many hazardous chemicals are used in factories during the production process, after which they are dumped into rivers and lakes.Issues about factories that did not dispose their chemical wastes in the correct way are too very common in these days. Unused chemical substances were disposed into the rivers illegally. This had at long last endangered the water species in the river and destroyed the drinking water sources of the people. As a result, more than 40% of the rivers in China are considered big for drinking, while 64% of major cities and towns haveseriously polluted groundwater. We canfult let this happen in our housing area because water is a very important source for us to live.Therefore building a factory near the housing area is not supposed to happen. at any rate, noise pollution is also one of the pollution that is contributed by factory. Machine in the factory produce very tatty noises which can affect the health and behavior of a person. This is because unwanted noise can damage physiological and psychological health. For example, people will face many health problems such(prenominal) as annoyance and aggression,hypertension, high stress levels,tinnitus, hearing loss, sleep disturbances, and other harmful effects due to the exposure of loud noise.Therefore, if the factory is exclusively around the corner, the possibility for the community to be effected by the loud noise is very high. It is very risky to let the community veneering those loud noises as it will affect their live eventually. Another pollution that caused by factory operation is air pollution. With accelerating urban and industrial growth, gigantic amount of harmful waste product has been released into the atmosphere by the unaccountable citizen. The most common gaseous pollutants arecarbon monoxide,carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs) and newton oxides.Factories involve in air pollution when the burning of various fuels in the factory emits poisonous gasses to the atmosphere and eventually damage the air quality. Besides that, dust that comes from cement kilns, lime kilns, stone crushing and asbestos factories are also the main causes of breathing problems and lung diseases in our country. This shows that low quality of air cast up the risk for the community to be infected by disease. Therefore, factory should be build far away from the housing area to ensure the wholesome environment can be built in the neighborhood.Our environment way of life the surrounding of our house where we live together with our neighbors. To produce a estimable environment for us and the people around us, we should cooperate with each other and prevent any unpleasant force from disturbing our healthy life. In this situation, we should get up and p rotest against the set up of the factory because the reparation that come with the factory are just too awful. It may increase the spreading of disease and disturb the balance nature of our neighborhood. Therefore we demand to be united in order to provide a damp living for our community.

Diabetes Mellitus-Shared Care Model and ICT

The world is fast changing the pace of events is massive. The app argonntly queen-sized world is shrinking into a global village as res publica spreads, western civilizations encroach on other civilizations and globalization becomes a syndicate concept. Technological advancements and improvements in the cultivation and converse engine room throw twisted all spheres of human endeavor. While this is happening on one hand, wellness deal out de colorfuly has not conk out signifi seattly. Many affected roles and clients complain of the wish of coordination in the health sector they are not happy well(p)-nigh the reduce utility derived from health carry off facility they patronize.There is a growth reduction in number of competent staff as well as insufficient fund for the health sector. These factors have do it needful to evaluate the impact of nurture and communion technology on health bid swear out. This need has become more than important for inveterate unhea lthiness where collaboration amid health kick service providers is important. And with increasing intercourse incidence of inveterate diseases and their attendant complications, this need rear endnot be overemphasized. Besides, the embody of managing close to of the chronic diseases, for example diabetes, epilepsy and seizure disorders, with the traditional method is reasonably high.The prospect ICT brings is change quality of subscribe to do due to collaboration between health sustenance workers through a comprehensive divided oversee system adequately powered by ICT solutions and reduced overall cost for the commission of chronic diseases equivalent diabetes. In this paper, diabetes is the focus chronic disease. I ordain blast to evaluate the requirements for an Irish ICT system to supply the model of coverd explosive charge. However, a brief review of diabetes mellitus and shared vex exit be undertaken to ravel out areas of focus for ICT intervention.Diabete s mellitus Review Diabetes mellitus is a syndrome of chronic hyperglycemia due to relative or absolute insulin deficiency, resistance or both. It affects over 100million people worldwide. Diabetes is ordinarily irreversible, and long-suffering roles peck have a reasonably ordinary lifestyle in time its later complications which include macrovascular disease lead to increased risk of go coronary artery disease, circumferential vascular resistance and microvascular complications such as diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy.In a normal person, the caudex glucose concentration is narrowly discoverled in order to prevent the devastating complications that may follow reduced or increased prodigal glucose concentration. This normal glucose level is 80-90mg/100ml or 3. 5-5. 0mmol/l. This concentration unremarkably increased to 120-140mg/100ml during the first hour after a glucose meal. The feedback instrument of the soundbox is alerted to reduce this level to tolera ble levels by the body by the passage of glucose to glycogen for storage under hormonal influence particularly insulin.However, in the fasting state, glucose is produced from glycogen and other substrates and released into the telephone line to maintain the blood glucose concentration. The dissimilar mechanisms for achieving this level of glucose control are as a result of hormonal influence, the activities of organs such as liver, skeletal muscle and the particular glucose concentration. The liver is a major metabolic organ that is important in the blood glucose buffer system this is done by the storage of glycogen form from glucose under the influence of insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, in the liver.It excessively releases glucose into the blood in the fasting state. Insulin and glucagon function as important feedback control systems for maintaining a normal blood glucose concentration. When the glucose concentration rises too high, insulin is secreted from the Isl et cells of Langerhans, the ductless gland portion of the pancreas the insulin in turn ca mappings the blood glucose concentration to decrease toward normal. conversely a decrease in blood glucose concentration stimulates glucagon secretion the glucagon hence functions in the opposite direction to increase the glucose concentration toward normal.Under most normal conditions, the insulin feedback mechanism is much more important than the glucagon mechanism, but in instances of famishment or excessive economic consumption of glucose during exercise and other stressful situations, the glucagon mechanism in any case becomes valuable. Diabetes mellitus is a syndrome of impaired carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism caused by each leave out of insulin secretion or decreased sensitivity of the tissues to insulin.It could be pristine or secondary primary diabetes is inherent while secondary diabetes can be due to Cushing syndrome, pheochromocytoma, cystic fibrosis, chronic pancre atitis, malnutrition-related pancreatic disease, pancreatectomy, and hereditary hemochromatosis, carcinoma of the pancreas, thiazide diuretic drug use, corticosteroid therapy, atypical antipsychotics, congenital lipodystrophy and acromegaly. There are two customary examples of diabetes mellitus pillowcase I diabetes withal called insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus IDDM this is caused by lack of insulin secretion.Type II diabetes, also called non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus NIDDM is caused by decreased sensitivity of fundament tissues to the metabolic termination of insulin. This reduced sensitivity to insulin is often referred to as insulin-resistance. The basic effect of insulin lack or insulin resistance on glucose metabolism is to prevent the efficient inspiration and go for of glucose by most cells of the body, except those of the brain. As a result, blood glucose concentration increases, cell utilization of glucose falls increasingly lower and utilization of f ats and proteins increases.Injury to the genus Beta cells of the pancreas or diseases that impair insulin production can lead to type I diabetes. IDDM is immune-mediated and has been associated with other autoimmune conditions like pernicious anaemia, alopecia areata and Hashimoto disease. viral infections or autoimmune disorders may be compound in the last of beta cells in many patients with type I diabetes, although heredity also plays a major role in determining the susceptibility of the beta cells to destruction by these insults. HLA-DR3 or DR4 is found in more than 90% of patients.In some instances, at that place may be a hereditary temperament for beta cell degeneration even without viral infections or autoimmune disorders. The usual encroachment of type I diabetes occurs is less than 30 historic period this is why it is called juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus. Type II diabetes mellitus is caused by diminished sensitivity of target tissues to the metabolic effects of ins ulin, a condition referred to as insulin resistance. This syndrome, like Type I diabetes mellitus is associated with multiple metabolic abnormalities although high levels of keto-acids are usually not present in type II diabetes mellitus.Type II diabetes mellitus is far more common that type I, accounting for 80-90% of all cases of diabetes mellitus. In most of these cases, the onset of type II diabetes mellitus occurs after age 40. There is usually no immune disturbance. Therefore, this syndrome is often referred to as adult-onset diabetes mellitus. Patients with diabetes present with acute manifestations which include polyuria, polydipsia, cant loss and ketonuria they also present with subacute symptoms like lethargy, reduced exercise tolerance, vulvar pruritus, and visual disturbance.They also could also present with some of the complications of the disease such as staphylococcal disease, retinopathy, polyneuropathy, erectile dysfunction and peripheral neuropathy. Investigations that are necessary in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus include fasting blood plasma glucose >7. 0mmol/l, random plasma glucose >11. 1mmol/l routine investigations include urinalysis for protein and acetone, wide blood count, urea and electrolytes, liver biochemistry and random lipids. Management of diabetes mellitus avenue for shared apprehension The management of diabetes requisite community participation and patient education.The splendour of glycemic control in the management of diabetic patient cannot be overemphasized patient should adequately conceive the favorable outcome associated with goodish glycemic control, the implication and serial complications that may result from poor plasma control. This is the essence of self management of diabetes. Patient should also know the dietary requirement and comply with/ bond to drug use. Besides this self-care, community care is very essential as this constitutes family and general practitioner care. There is monitoring of patients residency to medications and dietary advice.Essentially, the management of diabetes is multidisciplinary dieticians, cardiologist, ophthalmologists, neurologists, internal medicine physicians, endocrine experts. There is developing need to integrate this range of practitioners. Metabolic control of diabetes can be tested by urine tests, home blood glucose testing and glycosylated hemoglobin. piddle tests are carried victimisation dipsticks these methods are simple and give a good feedback on the blood glucose control. Patients can also be taught finger-prick and use blood glucose monitoring device to measure blood glucose.They can then act with specialist through bewitch communication facility for automated programing and medication. Epidemiologically, there are 200,000 persons in Ireland with diabetes this figure represents 3-5% of western populations. It is estimated to double by 2010. It consumes 10% of total health budgets. About 350 million annual cost is s pent in Ireland where 59% of which is spent treating complications 50 countries endorsed measures to reduce diabetes complications by one-third Shared Care What is shared care?Shared care is a concept where all the professionals involved in the management of a case collaborate by exchanging information on the patients care. In this representation, patient also has input into the care because his/her self-management better informed from the avalanche of information provided by the care network. Shared care is an approach to care where professionals share joint responsibility with respect to an individuals care using their skills and intimacy. It also talks about adequate monitoring and metamorphose of patient data within the limits of confidentiality and privacy.Shared care is both systemic and local it collaborates the systems involved while there is local interaction between clinicians. Shared care impacts on the iron triangle of health. This triangle includes quality, access an d cost. Shared care improves quality of patient care for patients with complex chronic disease like diabetes. There is increased access to patient information by health care professionals, and the patient can also easily access the professionals peculiarly when the shared system is backed up by information and communication technology. Patient is also snug with the service rendered.This model has been suggested to be better than the conventional method of treatment afforded to patients. The treatment is appropriate because the health care givers agree on best visible(prenominal) method ground on evidence- act. Competence is also guaranteed and services are effective and efficient. On the hand, there is improved provider satisfaction because there is reduced contact with the utilization of tertiary level of health care service. Definitions of terms Self-management this is about goal-setting. It is the core of self management about medication and body care.Diabetic patients need t o understand the implication of self care to monitor the progress of symptoms and emergence of complications. hearth care monitoring is also very useful because it helps patients to monitor their repartee to treatment and glycemic control. Prevention primary prevention is important to reduce the supposition of a worsening condition especially for patients with multiple complex co-morbidities. companionship of practice this refers to the people involved in the share care. They include providers and organisations, citizens and patients with families and co-occurrence groups.Models of shared care shared care is found in particular Care which is the tension of The European Forum for Primary Care (EFPC), vicarious Care, Community Based Care and mental health. The focus of shared care includes inter-professional relations and patient management. Inter-professional relations include cooperative provision of clinical services, communication and information exchange, use of treatmen t and referral guidelines, shared responsibility for patient care, regular face-to-face contact, and joint professional education. Patient Management is based on individual patient goals.It includes patient and family in the decision make protocol of management and patient-centered focus. There is no rigid working humour with shared care, increased patient access to care reduced fragmentation of care and increased integration and continuity of care. There is a crocked link at all levels of health sector-improved working relationships between providers and improved satisfaction among patients and providers. Diabetes-shared care-ICT solutions There is no doubt that information and communication technology is inevitable in the management of chronic diseases like diabetes.In order to set-up an Irish ICT unit for diabetes, the requirements will be considered within the limit of the community of practice which includes providers and organization, citizens and patients. The concept of ICT solutions is branded as eHealth. It is a promising field that will incorporate all the professionals who are directly and indirectly involved in the management of a case to properly integrate their knowledge and skills for the appropriate care of a diabetic patient while making the emphasis glycemic control convenient for providers and patients.It is imperative to elucidate the aspect of health care that are relevant to ICT input the idea of ICT use is to integration of information to improve access. This implies that patients information are made available at a common centre and accessible to the patient, their health care providers and researchers. The components include clinical database this contains the information of patient. There is a rudimentary repository of health care information of the patient. It includes the electronic patient record which is but a particle of the repository.For diabetics, the information about their presentations, clinical features, investigati ons, treatment plans and modalities are combined, classified and coherent in accessible manner at the clinical database centre. This database centre is secured as the confidentiality and privacy of the patients data has to be maintained. It is also prevented from use by third parties unless there is due consent by the patient. This central unit is fed by local diabetes databases from local hospitals. The data is made accessible to general practitioners, community health care providers and patients.Decision backup pawn this is second important part of ICT solutions in shared care for diseases including diabetes. It contains change information guide for experts and simple algorithms of decisions for patients. Specific Requirements Providers and organization The tools that are required to have an effective shared care plan for diabetes includes Internet the cyberspace has become the most influential means of connecting people, and exchanging information in this age. It is wherefor e unequivocal that it is useful in health information systems to achieve a collaborative network of professionals who care for diabetic patients.A large bandwidth is required for the volume of information that is processes, exchanged and implemented in shared care practice for diabetic patients. Interprofessional Communication systems Diabetic care requires effective interdisciplinary communication so that management decision is both cost-effective and evidenced based. A huge communication network is therefore required. Mobile and wireless infrastructure these also form ICT tools which are used in database processing, exchange and monitoring, they are required in order to facilitate the integration of the patient, and more significantly improves providers access to informationData storage since clinical database is an integral part of ICT solutions for shared care plan for diabetics. Data essential be stored in a way that is accessible to providers. This implies that strict measu res and guidelines must be in place to chequer the database is well-structured. Intelligence systems Websites must be secured. Database must be protected from invasion by third party parties. Patients data must be confidential and kept private and guideline of medical ethical motive with respect to this must be maintained. Therefore a sophisticated scholarship network is imperative to accomplish this gargantuan task.E-learning for medical education there is need to provide facility for providers for training and retraining. They need to update their knowledge base so that thy can offer quality service to clients. This can be achieved by making such up-to-date information available through an accessible means, for instance, the meshwork. Medicolegal/Ethic Issues ICT input into health care must be maintained within the limits of ethical guidelines and mediolegal regulatings for data management, exchange and implementation. It addresses problems of public interest, patient autonom y, third party involvement and international regulation against threats.Citizens and Patients The requirements for the patients include E-learning device for the patient this will teach patient the modus operandi of the collaborative health information system, their role and why it is important they adopt it. It will also give useful information about diabetes. Decision support tools this should contain factual information that can guide the patient to make informed choice with respect to their management. Patient home management this includes clinical signs monitoring, automated scheduling and medication.It also comprises access to health educators and professionals. Areas of ICT use have been well documented in the literature they are basically Teleconsultation this is a kind of telemonitoring between patient and caregiver via phone, email, automated messaging tools and the internet Videoconferencing this is face-to-face contact via such equipments as television, digital camera, v ideophone to connect between caregivers and patients. Both have proven useful in diabetic care. And this is widely reported in many papers from across the world. Issues and challengesHaving elucidates the conditions above in terms of providers and patients it is needful to quickly mention that certain issues must be considered before initiating and implementing ICT input into shared care for diabetes. These include ? Confidentiality compromise ? security department breaches ? Territoriality and power status amongst health care providers ? Cost of ICT requirements ? Medicolegal issues These challenges will adversely affect ICT adoption for shared car in diabetes if ignored. They can be addressed by ? Adequate funding of the project by government.Intensive training for users and health care professionals ? Consensus on the modus operandi amongst health care service providers ? Intensive research into ICT implications in health care, patients behavior, pragmatism of project plan. fi nal stage The impact of ICT on shared care plan for diabetes is indispensable. There are improved collaboration amongs health care workers and patients are ultimately satisfied with the service they get. The requirements for Irish ICT have been elucidated and concomitant issues explained. It is my hope that this will be adopted and health care service will subsequently improve.

Rice Cake Production

Rice ginmills discombobulate only two critical ingredients sieve and water. The sieve itself needs certain characteristics to produce the best quality patty and limit breakage. Sticky sift, whether white or brown, tends to work best, while broad-grain varieties dont lead during cooking as vigorously. Water is important early in preparation. other ingredients like salt (added earlier popping or sprayed on after) and unhomogeneous flavorings argon important considerations to taste-and nutrition-conscious consumers only atomic number 18 not signifi wadt to the employment process.Product ConceptEase of production and marketability ar major concerns when a spic-and-span type of sieve legal profession is considered. The popping machines argon expensive investments, so the product mustiness be readily adaptable to the machine. Production trials occupy picturen that additives greatly profit the likelihood of breakage, so spices, herbs, and seeds are not mixed with the rice to begin with the cake is made although they may be added to the surface later.Similarly, salt and flavorings are now sprayed on earlier methods of adding them to the rice were less than successful in the survival rate of whole rice cakes and in taste. Some manufacturers have also eliminated mini rice cakes from their product line. The novelty of the smaller cakes was to a greater extent costly to produce than sales warranted. A constant stream of new flavor possibilities and other options are under consideration, but only paying attention assurance of a contented public and minimal production difficulties justifies a new product line.The Manufacturing Process1.The simple process of making rice cakes is establish on the fact that rice subjected to the right combination of heat and embrace forget expand to fill a given space.The rice cakes are sprayed and encase.The manufacturers specifically preferred type of raw rice (depending on stickiness, magnification potential, and taste) is soaked in water until the right dampure level is attained.2.The moist rice is fed into hoppers above popping machines. A major manufacturing business of rice cakes may have 80 or 90 machines with virtuoso to three cooking passs, each of which produces one cake every 15 seconds.3.The rice is gravity-fed from the hopper into thecast-iron plaster cast or cooking head in the popping machine. The mold is heated to hundreds of degrees, and a slide home office opens to impose a vacuum on the moist rice mass. aft(prenominal) 8 to 10 seconds of exposure to heat at this pressure, the lid of the mold expands, creating an even greater vacuum on the contents. In the last some seconds of heating, the mixture explodes to fill the given space. If the rice forms a large similarity of the exploded mass, it will be more satisfying, have a kick downstairs texture, and be full of natural flavor. Styrofoam-or hockey puck-like rice cakes show that either too much air and not enough rice is in the mix (styrofoam) or that the moisturedensity relationship is wrong, causing solidity but no flavor (hockey puck). Given the proper chemistry, the bran and other components of the rice bond certificate to each other so the popped mixture sticks together without gumming additives.4.After the cake has exploded in the popping machine, the cooking head opens and the cake locomote gently on a conveyor belt. The belt carries the cake other(prenominal) one or more spraying heads where salt may be added or the cakes are flavor-enhanced. Natural flavors are preferred by consumers and involve everything from strawberry, caramel, apple cinnamon, blueberry, and almond to salsa, nacho, taco, salt-only, or Tamari seaweed. Some rice cake manufacturers will accept orders for private-label flavors.5.The conveyor, now carrying flavored cakes, passes through a tunnel dryer where the moisture added by the flavor sprayers is driven off.6.The conveyor moves to the bagging area, where the ric e cakes are removed from the conveyor by hand, inspected for any breakage, and stacked, sealed in shrinkwrap, and packaged in an overwrap bag printed with the product identification and sealed. The bags are then jam-packed in cartons for bulk sale.Quality ControlQuality control at the rice cake congeal is a labor-intensive process. Any breakage means lost revenue, and upkeep of moisture levels and popping machines are critical. Moisture throughout the process and the pulverisation is monitored constantly. The ambient (naturally occurring) humidity may alter production on a dry day, more moisture may have to be added to the rice. The sinless cakes will absorb moisture, but this is avoided by completing the process from popping machine to bagging in a few minutes.The popping machines themselves are cleaned every few hours. If the molds collectmoisture or rice, the new cake will stick to the mold and cause brittle and break. Because the cakes are apiece hand-sorted prior to baggi ng, damaged rice cakes can be discarded before they reach a bag. Once they are ready for sale, the rice cakes have a remarkably long shelf life of over a year during which they retain taste and texture. If rice cakes have lost their crispness, they can be quickly revived at home by reheating them in a toaster. Even the freshest cakes benefit from a little heat that tends to resort their flavor.Byproducts/WasteThere is essentially no waste in the process of making rice cakes except for breakage. Enterprising producers have created markets for the broken cakes by selling them as cold cereal and ingredients in candy bars as puff up as bags of broken rice cakes for snacking. Flavors that fall out of fashion are removed from the product line and replaced by new flavors that are in development constantly. Chips, crackers, and other snack foods often provide flavor guidelines for rice cake makers.The FutureIncreasing health consciousness bodes well for the future of rice cakes. As the tr eat has become popular as a snack, buyers have become more discriminating in rejecting Styrofoam/hockey puck products for those with better textures and flavors. The sick of designer flavors offers something for every taste, and, of course, the consumer can top the rice cake of extract with fruit, peanut butter, or other enhancements to make an even more varied snack. In an age of energy, health, and time awareness, the 15-second rice cake seems to have harvested its long history.